What Are Cichlids?

Cichlids (pronounced “sick-lids,” family Cichlidae) are a vast group of tropical freshwater fish with over 1,700 described species. This means they vary enormously in size, shape, and colour.

Where Do They Live?

They’re found across tropical America, Africa, the Middle East, and the Indian subcontinent. The African Great Lakes (Malawi, Tanganyika, Victoria) are especially famous for their incredible number of unique cichlid species.

Why Are Cichlids Special?

Cichlids are known for:

• Unique Anatomy: They typically have one nostril on each side and unique “pharyngeal jaws” in their throat for processing food.
• Complex Behaviour: Almost all cichlids exhibit parental care, from guarding eggs and fry to carrying young in their mouths (mouthbrooding). They are also often territorial and display intricate courtship rituals.
• Aquarium Favourites: Many are popular in the hobby due to their beauty and intelligence, including Angelfish, Discus, Oscars, and various African cichlids.
• Ecological Importance: Some, like Tilapia, are significant food fish globally.

In short, cichlids offer a fascinating world of colour and character, making them a special part of aquatic life.